Angst,
Jules. “Bipolar Disorders in DSM-5: Strengths, Problems and Perspectives.”
International
Journal of Bipolar Disorders. 1:12 (2013):1-3. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 Jan.
2014.
This
journal article written by Jules Angst explores the differences in the
diagnostic classification of bipolar disorder between the DSM-IV and
DSM-V. Healthcare professionals use the
DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) as a guide to
diagnose mental illness. The updated
version has created subdiagnostic bipolar categories allowing them to more
accurately diagnose and treat the disorder.
This source will help to better describe the diagnostic criteria when
describing the disorder.
“Bipolar Disorder.” Umm.edu. University of Maryland Medical Center. n.d. Web. 18
Jan.
2014.
“Bipolar
Disorder Statistics.” Dbsalliance.org. Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance.
n.d.
Web. 18 Jan. 2014.
This
resource from the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance shows statistics for
bipolar depression as reported by the National Institute of Mental Health. It includes the number of the American
population affected by the disease, the age of onset for the disorder, and the factors
of how heredity affects the development of the disorder in an individual. This article will help to document the
prevalence of the disorder in our society.
“Bipolar
Disorder Statistics.” Statisticbrain.com. Statistic
Brain. Jul. 2012. Web. 18 Jan.
2014.
This
article from Statistic Brain gives statistical information
on bipolar disorder as verified by the DBS (Depression and Bipolar Support)
Alliance, Bipolar ism, and Bipolar Lifestyles.
It elaborates on aspects of the disorder by distributing the information
into sub categories. The use of this
source will add additional information about the prevalence of the illness in
the population.
Cosgrove,
Victoria E. and Trisha Suppes. “Informing DSM-5: Biological Boundaries
Between Bipolar I
Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, and Schizophrenia.” BMC Medicine 11:127 (2013): 1-7. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 Jan. 2014.
The
journal article written by Victoria E. Cosgrove and Trisha Suppes shows that
the DSM-V opted to retain the criteria that distinguish the differences between
those three disorders. These mood
disorders are similar and they are often misdiagnosed for one another. Many of the same medications are used to
treat all these disorders. I will use
this source to discuss the use of medication in treating bipolar depression.
Duckworth,
Ken. “Understanding Bipolar Disorder and Recovery.” Nami.org. National
Alliance
of Mental Illness, Aug. 2008. Web. 23 Jan. 2014.
This
pamphlet, written by Ken Duckworth and distributed by NAMI (National Alliance of
Mental Illness), describes the symptoms of bipolar disorder. It specifies some of the causes of the
disorder along with other disorders that are associated with the disease. It elaborates on the risks of letting the
illness go untreated as well as treatment strategies using medication and
coping strategies. In my final paper, I
will use this information to describe bipolar disorder and its treatment.
Gibson,
Susanne, et al. “Understanding Treatment Non-adherence in Schizophrenia and
Bipolar Disorder: A
Survey of What Service Users Do and Why.” BMC
Psychiatry 13.1 (2013): 1-12. Academic
Search Premier. Web. 18 Jan. 2014.
Susanne
Gibson and colleagues provide statistical information and analyze reasons why
over half of the participants in the study do not follow treatment
recommendations. Patients may choose
non-adherence or unintentional non-adherence to treatment as prescribed because
they felt that they were “better”, did not like the side effects of medications,
or felt that they needed more energy to complete tasks and that skipping
medication made them more alert.
Non-adherence leads to relapse of the illness that can cause serious
side effects, including suicide. This
source will help to document the reasons why many people with bipolar disorder
choose not to follow medical advice.
Goodwin,
Guy M., et al. “ECNP Consensus Meeting.
Bipolar Depression. Nice, March
2007.” European Neuropsychopharmacology 18 (2008):
535-549. Academic Search Premier.
Web. 11 Jan. 2014.
According
to this journal article by Guy M. Goodwin and colleagues, bipolar disorder
usually manifests itself in the late teen years or early twenties. It has been found that children and those is
their early teens who suffer from unipolar depression actually have bipolar
depression. It is not uncommon for
children to be misdiagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) or oppositional
defiant disorder (ODD).
This study will help me illustrate how this is a progressive illness
that worsens over time.
Henry,
Brook L., Arpi Minassian, and William Perry. “Everyday Functional Ability
Across Different Phases
of Bipolar Disorder.” Psychiatry Research
210 (2013): 850-856. Academic Search Premier. Web. 14 Jan.
2014.
This
journal article written by Henry L. Brook, Arpi Minassian, and William Perry
elaborates on the neurocognitive impairment and functional deficits
characterized in bipolar disorder. It
assesses the functionality, impairment, and limitations of patients diagnosed
with bipolar depression in their daily lives.
This article will show that bipolar disorder is a serious illness that
can adversely affect the everyday lives of individuals who are affected by it.
Hong,
Jihyung, et al. “The Cost of Relapse for Patients with a Manic/Mixed Episode of
Bipolar Disorder in the
EMBLEM Study.” Pharmacoecomonics 28.7
(2010): 555-566. Academic Search Premier.
Web. 14 Jan. 2014.
Bipolar
disorder is a debilitating illness that may require intensive treatment that
frequently requires impatient psychiatric care.
Jihyung Hong and his colleagues did a study to analyze the substantial
costs and the economic impact of relapse of bipolar patients during a 21 month
maintenance phase. The reoccurrence of
the disorder may lead to progressive functional deterioration, worsening
treatment response, and clinical prognosis.
This information will show the importance for the patient to follow
medical advice to prevent relapse and worsening of the progression of the
disease.
Jamison,
Kay R. Touched with Fire. New York: Simon
& Schuster, 1993. Print.
In
her book, Kay Redfield Jamison, Ph.D, cites many works of people throughout
history who suffer from bipolar disorder.
She describes work from numerous famous people, both literal and visual
artists. According to journals and
medical records at the time of their lives, she shows the likelihood of the
person having the disorder and how their moods affected their personal and
professional lives. She documents their
productivity and quality of work depending on the state of mood they were
experiencing during the creative process.
I plan to use this information to show that there are some positive
aspects to having this illness.
Látalová,
Klára. “Insight in Bipolar Disorder.” Psychiatric Quarterly 83 (2012): 293-310.
Academic Search Premier.
Web. 18 Jan. 2014.
Liang,
Min-Jie, et al. “Identify Changes of Brain Regional Homogeneity in Bipolar
Disorder and Unipolar
Depression Using Resting-State fMRI.” PLOS ONE 8:12 (2013) 1-8. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 Jan.
2014.
Doctors
using the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) may misdiagnose patients with unipolar
depression, instead of bipolar depression, if the patient is evaluated in a
depressed state. This can lead to
treatment that has a poor outcome.
Min-Jie Liang and colleagues discuss how the use of fMRI (magnetic
resonance imaging) may aid in correctly diagnosing bipolar disorder by studying
abnormalities in specific parts of the brain.
This information may help to demonstrate that these disorders are caused
by biological changes in the brain and aid in the correct diagnosis leading to
proper treatment.
Lowe,
Chelsea and Bruce M. Cohen. Living with
Someone Who’s Living with Bipolar
Disorder:
A Practical Guide for Family, Friends, and Coworkers.
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 2010. Print.
In
this book, Lowe and Cohen, describe bipolar disorder and shows how having an
understanding of the illness can help others not affected by the disease cope with the behavior of the
person affected by the disease.
Knowledge about the illness and possessing the skills on how to deal
with the triggers that can worsen the behavior of the individual with bipolar
disorder can make life easier for everyone involved. This resource will help me show the
importance that understanding, knowledge, and support can bring to coping with
the everyday life of a person suffering with bipolar disorder.
“Manic
Depression/Bipolar Disorder.” Hopkinsmedicine.org. John Hopkins Medicine
Health
Library. n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2014.
In
this resource from the John Hopkins Medicine Health Library, it gives the
definition of bipolar disorder, explains who is affected by the illness, as
well as the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.
It gives a thorough list of symptoms compared to other resources I have
studied. This list is a valuable
resource for describing the criteria of the illness for my research paper.
Pålsson,
Erik, et al. “Neurocognitive Function in Bipolar Disorder: a Comparison
Between Bipolar I and
II Disorder and Matched Controls.” BMC
Psychiatry 13:165 (2013) 1-9. Academic
Search Premier. Web. 18 Jan. 2014.
When
comparing the diagnostic criteria between bipolar I and II disorder, the
symptoms are similar. Antipsychotic
drugs are used for patients with bipolar I because they are more cognitively
impaired compared to those who are type II.
Erik Pålsson and his colleagues performed various neuropsychological
tests on subjects with bipolar I and II disorder and a control group to
determine their neurocognitive function.
The test results were similar in those with bipolar disorder. Antipsychotic treatment manifested as a
strong prediction of cognitive impairment.
Using this information for my project will show that there is a close
relationship between bipolar I and II disorder.
Peay,
Holly L., et al. “Adaptation to Bipolar Disorder and Perceived Risk to
Children: A
Survey of Parents With
Bipolar Disorder.” BMC Psychiatry
13.1 (2013): 1-18. Academic Search
Premier. Web. 18 Jan. 2014.
Bipolar
disorder is an illness that can reduce quality of life and often is associated
with many challenges. This research
article by Holly L. Peay and colleagues explore the perceptions of adults with
the disorder and examines the coping methods of parents who are at risk of
passing on their illness to their offspring.
This information will be used to inform my readers about the
heritability of bipolar disorder and the emotional struggles that each parent
may have in regards to passing this debilitating disease to their
children.
Pedersen,
Tracy. “Benefits of Bipolar Disorder?” Psychcentral.com. Psych Central. May
2012.
Web. Jan. 23, 2014
According
to Tracy Pedersen’s website article, she describes a study where some
individuals experience positive effects with bipolar disorder. Researchers investigated evidence and
reported that some people value certain experiences associated with the
disorder and would prefer to retain their condition. Some of the aspects of this illness can be
considered as highly valuable attributes in some people. This article will reveal some benefits of
this illness and why some people refuse treatment.
United
States. Dept. of Health and Human Services.
Bipolar Disorder. NIMH
Publication
08-3679. 2008. WEB. 18 Jan. 2014.
In this report from The National Institute of Mental Health, it gives general information on all the different aspects of bipolar disorder. It includes information about the different causes, signs and symptoms, risks, a list of the various forms of the disorder, the different treatments used for this illness as well as finding support. Included are some of the negatives side effects associated the different medications prescribed to patients. I found this resource to be valuable because it provided a wide range of information that can be incorporated into my work.
Vann,
Madeline. “Is There a Bright Side to Bipolar Disorder?” Everydayhealth.com.
Everyday
Health Media, LLC. n.d. Web. 23 Jan. 2014.
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